Resilience and risk

D4

HIGH RISK for enterprise

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

Last updated in December 2024.
GDP USD 2021.4bn (World ranking 11, World Bank 2023)
Population 143.8mn (World ranking 9, World Bank 2023)

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Form of state Federation
Head of state Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (President)
Next elections 2026, legislative
Strenghts
  • Russia's vast reserves of oil, gas and minerals underpin its economic stability and global influence, providing significant export revenue and energy security.
  • Low unemployment and robust wage growth support domestic consumption and contribute to short-term economic dynamism.
  • Strong fiscal and industrial policies enable Russia to pivot toward new trade partners and withstand external sanctions.
  • Heavy reliance on commodities leaves the economy vulnerable to global price fluctuations and sanctions, limiting diversification.
  • Restrictions on access to advanced technologies and global markets hinder innovation and productivity.
  • Authoritarian governance and unfavorable demographic trends create long-term instability and impede economic pluralism.
(% of total, 2023)
  Exports Rank Imports  
China 11.5% 1 China 36.4%
Netherlands 7.2% 2 Belarus 7.1%
Turkey 6.0% 3 Germany 6.5%
Germany 5.1% 4 Turkey 3.3%
Italy 4.5% 5 Korea, Republic of 3.1%
(% of total, annual 2023)
Exports Rank Imports
Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials 46.2%
1 10.7% Road vehicles
Iron and steel 7.7%
2 6.9% Other industrial machinery and parts
Coal, coke and briquettes 5.1%
3 6.6% Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s.
Non-ferrous metals 4.8%
4 5.0% Specialised machinery
Fertilizers other than group 272 3.4%
5 4.8% Medicinal and pharmaceutical products
The Allianz Trade Collection Complexity Score provides a simple assessment of how easy it is to collect debt around the world. The 2022 edition covers 49 countries that represent nearly 90% of global GDP and 85% of global trade.